发信人: rocling.bbs@bbs.cis.nctu.edu.tw (笨笨小散户), 信区: history
标 题: Re: 请问『中国』一词
发信站: 交大资科_BBS (Sun Jul 27 19:33:19 1997)
转信站: Lion!ccnews.nsysu!suncc.ccu!news.csie.nctu!news.cis.nctu!cis_nctu
来 源: h231.s127.ts.hinet.net
==> 在 Kenny Lam 的文章中提到:
> 人称肉鸡 wrote:
> > 常看见中国一词
> > 不知『中国』一词的由来 意思为何??
> > --
> Sorry, I am still learning Chinese Input. Right now I can only use
> English.
> Hope I can answer your question.
> From my understanding, China ,or Chung Kuo, or Middle Kingdom appeared
> in around 1122 BC ,Western Zhou period. It is the begining of feudal
> period, the Zhou king gave lands to the princes and other peoples loyal
> to the Zhou court. The rulers of this states gave a name to this piece
> of land. So there were Ch'in kuo, Wei kuo, Yen kuo, Ch'i kuo,
> ...etc.
> Imagine if you are Zhou king, you won't call your land, Zhou kuo.
> Because it will mean your status is the same as your vassal states. You
> need a name more glorious.
史记五帝本纪<舜曰 天也 夫而後之中国践天子位焉 是为帝舜>
史记集解<刘熙曰 ...帝王所都为中 故曰中国>
个人认为 舜当时让辟丹朱於南河之南 算是躲到蛮夷地区
後来回到<中国> 是指回到黄河流域的意思
夏本纪<中国赐土姓>
集解<郑玄曰 中即九州也 天子建其国 诸侯祚之土 赐之姓 命之氏>
当时的周王室直辖领依远近有畿服的区分 直辖领好像叫甸服 不叫中国
(据史记夏本纪 :五百里甸服 甸服外五百里侯服 侯服外五百里绥服 绥服外五百里要服
要服外五百里荒服
周本纪 :夫先王之制 邦内甸服)
而<中国>这个名词 在当时是指奉行周王朝的典章制度礼乐刑法的地区
<蛮夷>被用来指称黄河文明还未影响到的地区
至少孔仲尼是持这种观点
> So you called your land Chung Kuo, the Middle Kingdom. Your land is in
> the center of the world and only this land will be situable for the
> King, T'ien Ts'e, the son of heaven.
<天子>的君权神授观念好像在周朝之前就开始了
譬如尚书大传曰<桀云 天之有日 如吾之有民 日有亡哉 日亡吾亦亡矣>
> When Ch'in kuo conquest all six states and the Zhou court. The Ch'in
> king (now emperor) also called his land Chung Kuo too but its territory
> was much bigger!
> All later dynasties used the same concept until 1911.
> Remember Chung Kuo at that time did not mean a nation-state. It is not
> owned by the people but a single human being, the king. People did not
> develop a concept that a state could owned by its people. Only the
> Greek people found this idea later.
--
* Origin: ★ 交通大学资讯科学系 BBS ★
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