Russ Wang:
杂阿含 1125 经 世尊告诸比丘:“有四种须陀洹道分,亲近善男子、听正法、内正思惟、法次法向 。”
杂阿含 1126 经 世尊告诸比丘:“有四须陀洹分。何等为四?谓于佛不坏净,于法、僧不坏净,圣戒成就,是名须陀洹分。”
我看到很多讨论 说为什么有两种四预流支的说法
还有人说前者是随法行人 后者是随信行人
不过从巴利文来看根本不一样
后面的四预流支是 dhammapariyāyaṃ 意思是“有法的法则,若具备这些法则则可以宣称入流”
前者是 sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ 入流的要素
不过有的地方四不坏净也用 sotāpattiyaṅgaṃ
不研究则已 一研究问题好多
‘相应部’(五五)“预流相应”(南传一六下‧二五三──二五四)说:
“诸比丘!汝等当劝彼等(亲族、朋友)修习安住四预流支。何等为四?谓于佛证净劝导修习安住……,于法(证净)……,于僧(证净)……,圣者所乐……能发三摩地之戒劝导修习安住”。
‘相应部’(五五)“预流相应”(南传一六下‧三一四)说:
“诸比丘!有四预流支,何等为四?亲近善士;听闻正法;如理作意;法随法行”
Satipatthana Shi:
以上引的巴利文有错待更正,提出讨论如下:
- 四预流支cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni:入初果圣者的四个要素
- 四预流者的支cattāri sotāpannassa aṅgāni:入流者所具备的四种要素
- 四不坏净:cattaro aveccappasādā:入流者成就四种坚固的信心。
(另作“法镜(dhammādās,由法所成的镜子)
- 四种法门:catu dhammapariyāyaṃ (维基百科误指为四不坏净)
SĀ 843
四种入流分,何等为四?谓:亲近善男子,听正法,内正思惟,法次法向。
四预流支cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni:入初果圣者的四个要素
Bhikkhu Bodhi:a factor for stream-entry; factors for attaining stream-entry
SĀ 843
四分成就入流者,何等为四?谓:于佛不坏净,于法不坏净,于僧不坏净,圣戒成就。
四预流者的支cattāri sotāpannassa aṅgāni:入流者所具备的四种要素
Bhikkhu Bodhi:the factors of a stream-enterer
Bhikkhu Bodhi注解:
325 These are the preliminary factors for attaining stream-entry, also called sotāpattiyaṅga but distinct from the other four, which are the factors that define a person as a stream-enterer. See below 55:55-74, where they are said to be instrumental in obtaining all the fruits of the spiritual life. Though the Pili is the same, to avoid confusion I have rendered the first “factors for stream-entry.” This can be justified by appeal to DN III 227, where the four factors for attaining stream-entry are alone called sotrfpattiyaliga (§13), while the other four are called sotāpannassa aṅgāni, the factors of a stream-enterer (914).
DN.33段落311原文:
“Cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni– sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti.
“Cattāri sotāpannassa aṅgāni. Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho
“dhammapariyāyaṃ 法的教说”经文出处如下
相应部35相应113经/屏息侧听经(处相应/处篇/修多罗)(庄春江译)
有一次,世尊住在亲戚村的砖屋中。
那时,当世尊独处、独坐时,说这法的教说:
“缘于眼与色而生起眼识,三者的会合而有触,以触为缘而有受,以受为缘而有渴爱,以渴爱为缘而有取,以取为缘而有有,以有为缘而有生;以生为缘而会有老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、绝望生起,这样是这整个苦蕴的集。……(中略)
(1)“法门;方便”(pariyāyaṃ,另译为“教说、部门、理趣、理由、顺序”),菩提比丘长老英译为“主题”(the theme),或“种类”(kinds),或“方法”(a method, SN.35.153),或“在临时意义上”(in a provisional sense, AN.9.42-61),智髻比丘长老英译为“讲说”(a discourse, MN)。按:“法门”(pariyāya,音译为“波利耶夜”),参看《原始佛教圣典之集成》p.728。“方便”,《满足希求》以“依一个因素[到达]”(ekena kāraṇena, AN.9.42)解说。
(2)“法的教说”(dhammapariyāyaṃ, dhammapariyāyo),菩提比丘长老英译为“法的讲说;法的解说”(Dhamma discourse, Dhamma exposition; exposition of the Dhamma)。按:《显扬真义》以“法的理由”(dhammakāraṇaṃ, SN.12.45)解说,《破斥犹豫》以“法的教说”(dhammadesanāya, MN.5”解
David Chiou:
有道理。两者间的关系,也可见《杂阿含经》卷三十第843经:
复问舍利弗:“谓入流分ⓑ①。何等为入流分?”
舍利弗白佛言:“世尊!有四种入流分。何等为四?谓亲近善男子ⓒ、听正法、内正思惟、法次法向②。”
复问舍利弗:“入流者ⓓ成就几法?”
舍利弗白佛言:“有四分成就入流者。何等为四?谓于佛不坏净、于法不坏净、于僧不坏净、圣戒成就。”